Osvětlení
Typy osvětlení
- Vysokotlaké výbojky
- Sodíkové (HPS) světla se prodávají v obvyklých wattážích 70W, 150W, 250W, 400W, 600W a 1000W a je třeba u nich použít startér a tlumivku.
- Fluorescentní zářivky
- Trubice jsou dostupné ve dvou délkách - 60cm a 120cm. Výkonově se vyrábějí v hodnotách 18W, 36W a 54W. K jejich zapálení je potřeba startér i tlumivka (ovšem v mnohem menší wattáži než u výbojek). Svým spektrem jsou perfektní pro vegetační fázi rostlin. Jejich výsledky při kvetení jsou ovšem dost špatné, proto jejich využití je především po vyklíčení, v matkovně nebo řízkovně.
Wattáž lampy
Parametry vysokotlakých výbojek
- 70W - pokrytí: 35 x 35cm, efektivní dosah: 25cm
- 150W - pokrytí: 45 x 45cm, efektivní dosah: 35cm
- 250W - pokrytí: 60 x 60cm, efektivní dosah: 50cm
- 400W - pokrytí: 1 metr čtvereční, efektivní dosah: 80cm
- 600W - pokrytí: 120 x 120cm, efektivní dosah: 100cm
- 1000W - pokrytí: 150 x 150cm
Při přesunutí mladých sazenic pod výkonnou výbojku je lepší lampu zavěsit výš a postupně snižovat, aby si kytka zvykla. Jinak samozřejmě lampu postupně zvedáme tak, jak kytka roste, abychom zajistili maximální využití intenzity světla.
Péče o výbojku / zářivku
Mezi všeobecné zásady patří udržovat výbojky v suchu a nedotýkat se skleněných těles světelných zdrojů, zejména pak vysokotlakých výbojek. Můžete zanechat mastné skvrny, což může způsobit i prasknutí skla - což je nebezpečné zejména u výbojek se směsí rtuti. U vysokotlakých výbojek se také při prasknutí skla začne uvolňovat též tvrdé UV záření, což při delším působením na rostliny může způsobit vážné poškození, genetické mutace až úhyn. Pokud se skla potřebujete prsty dotknout, je vhodné je pečlivě otřít jemným hadříkem s roztokem vysokoprocentního alkoholu.
U všech zdrojů světla je velmi vhodné dodržovat výrobcem udané provozní parametry, zejména životnost. Při instalaci si například můžete na objímku nalepit poznámku s datem příští výměny. Životnost je vhodné dodržovat, ačkoliv zdroj svítí dále, klesá světelný výkon a mění se barva spektra (opět zmiňuji metalhalidové výbojky, které ke konci života vyzařují zvětšující se tok tvrdého UV záření) - šidíte své rostliny.
Na konci života všech výbojek/zářivek je vhodné se jich důstojně ekologicky zbavit, nepatří do směsného odpadu, ale do nebezpečného díky použité rtuti a těžkým kovů. Země vám děkuje !
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